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August 06, 2007

USAID opens 5 water treatment plants in South

The Daily Star

August 04, 2007

Daily Star staff

BEIRUT: USAID inaugurated five water-treatments plants in Haytoura, Ayshiyyeh, Ghobbatieh/Benwati, Wadi Jezzine and Snayyah in Jezzine District, South Lebanon, according to a USAID statement. The inauguration was attended by mission director Raouf Youssef, Haytoura Mayor Elias Rashed, Ayshiyyeh Municipality vice president Youssef Fares, Wadi Jezzine Mayor Robert Abu Suleiman, Benwati Mayor Mounir Rbeih and Snayyah Mayor Joseph Nawfal

Continue reading "USAID opens 5 water treatment plants in South" »

August 04, 2007

The environment, at a crossroads

Haaretz

By Michael J. Caduto

News from the Middle East usually describes conflicts and their root causes in
politics, religious fundamentalism and the struggle between Israelis and
Palestinians for a homeland. Threats to peace and security are indeed a
backdrop for daily existence, but that is only part of the story.

Continue reading "The environment, at a crossroads" »

July 26, 2007

Environmental group presses ministry to clear coastline of polluted sand

The Daily Star

July 25, 2007

By John Ehab
Special to The Daily Star

BEIRUT: The non-governmental organization Bahr Loubnan urged the Environment Ministry on Tuesday to remove polluted sand accumulated along Lebanon's shores during efforts to clean up an oil spill cause by an Israeli attack in 2006. An Israeli air strike on the Jiyyeh power plant during last summer's war spilled over 15,000 tons of crude oil into the Mediterranean, polluting much of Lebanon's coast.

Continue reading "Environmental group presses ministry to clear coastline of polluted sand" »

July 09, 2007

"Palestinian Water Crisis: Bilateral and Regional Perspectives"

The Palestine Center

Edited transcript of a presentation by members of the Negotiation Support Unit of the PLO’s Negotiations Affairs Department on Water
“For the Record” No. 280 (27 June 2007)

At a 14 June 2007 Palestine Center briefing, Dr. Shaddad Attili, Mr. Fuad Bateh and Mr. John Murray of the Negotiations Support Unit of the PLO’s Negotiations Affairs Department, proposed a positive-sum approach for the resolution of the water crisis in the Middle East. As for the allocation of water, both on the political and topographical level, they maintained that an equitable allocation of water is not only essential for the establishment of a viable Palestinian state but will also help restore relations with Israel and its neighboring countries. They also emphasized the dire need for clean water in Gaza and the creation of a much needed desalinization plant. Ultimately, the question of a viable and sustainable Palestinian state and the long-term interests of all the water-sharing parties—Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syrian and Palestine—depends on a sound and just resolution to the water conflict.

Continue reading ""Palestinian Water Crisis: Bilateral and Regional Perspectives"" »

July 01, 2007

War-ravaged northern forests get makeover

THE JERUSALEM POST

Jun. 27, 2007

Sheera Claire Frenkel

Nature filled the Land of Israel with olive, cypress, tamarisk, acacia, and carob trees. Now, after years of planting pines in their place, the Jewish National Fund is replenishing the trees native to Israel's northern forests which were devastated by the Second Lebanon War.

Continue reading "War-ravaged northern forests get makeover" »

Radius of destruction

Haaretz

June 27, 2007

By Uri Blau

Last December, as part of the lesson-learning process in the wake of the Second Lebanon War, the Environment Ministry established a public committee chaired by Major General (Res.) Herzl Shafir to examine the preparedness of facilities containing hazardous substances in the north of the country for emergency situations. Initial and partial conclusions of the committee were made public, and seemed to be quite innocuous. Now it turns out that the true dynamite that turned up in the Shafir Committee's hearings remained classified. Haaretz has obtained the complete data about the dangers of the industrial plants in Haifa Bay, as it appears in the committee's internal documents.

Continue reading "Radius of destruction" »

June 26, 2007

Sidon-area river is 'a stinky swamp'

The Daily Star

Friday, June 22, 2007

By Mohammed Zaatari
Daily Star staff

SIDON: Official negligence has led to unprecedented levels of pollution in the Siniq River a few kilometers outside Sidon, area residents said Thursday. Even from its banks, the riverbed of the shallow waterway is almost completely obscured by murky water. Discarded furniture, wood, tires and all kinds of garbage, including industrial waste, can be seen floating on the surface.

Continue reading "Sidon-area river is 'a stinky swamp'" »

June 19, 2007

Questions persist on environmental impact of waste from Beirut's Normandy Landfill

Daily Star

June 15, 2007

Daily Star staff

Environment Hotline

BEIRUT: Although it was intended to help shape a spacious agricultural venue in the Chouf region of Sibline, plastic waste from the capital's Normandy landfill has been dumped in several areas across Lebanon, raising fears among the Lebanese about the toxicity of the materials, said a report published in this month's edition of Environment & Development magazine.

Continue reading "Questions persist on environmental impact of waste from Beirut's Normandy Landfill" »

June 03, 2007

Sewage remains primary pollutant in Lebanese waters

The Daily Star

June 01, 2007

Daily Star staff

BEIRUT: Last summer's fuel-oil spill into the Mediterranean Sea is not the main cause behind the Lebanese coast's pollution, despite what many people think. In fact, the key factor contributing to the pollution of the sea around Lebanon has never changed: sewage, according to an article in this month's issue of Environment and Development magazine.

Continue reading "Sewage remains primary pollutant in Lebanese waters" »

June 01, 2007

Critics flay official response to Jiyyeh spill

The Daily Star

May 28, 2007

An israeli attack caused the disaster, but environmentalists say Lebanese inaction made it worse
By Dona Challita
Special to The Daily Star

BEIRUT: Several forms of pollutants have fouled the sea off Lebanon for decades, including industrial effluents, untreated sewage and runoff from coastal garbage dumps. As though this were not enough, an Israeli attack during the war last summer added another hazardous element to the mix when the destruction of the storage tanks at the jiyyeh power plant south of Beirut released an estimated 15,000 tons of fuel oil into the Mediterranean.

Continue reading "Critics flay official response to Jiyyeh spill" »

Conference involves schools in environmental programmes

Jordan Times

May 26, 2007

AMMAN (JT) — The UNESCO Amman office, in collaboration with the Swedish-based NGO Life-Link Friendship-Schools (www.life-link.org), brought together school teachers from different countries in the region in a two-day workshop this week.

Continue reading "Conference involves schools in environmental programmes" »

Analysis: Six months of negotiations may open way to long-term Israeli deal to buy Gaza gas

Middle East Times

May 26, 2007

Marian Houk

JERUSALEM -- Movement was reported this week on an Israeli government decision to authorize a long-term agreement to purchase gas from Gaza's offshore wells at market price from the Palestinian Authority. The Israeli cabinet made the decision to go ahead with negotiations to buy Palestinian gas on April 29.

The exploitation of the offshore gas field is expected to generate much-needed revenue for the Palestinians. Some analysts argue, however, that the main advantages of the deal are not only financial - it is hoped that the mutual dependency that will be created by the deal will help create an atmosphere more conducive to peace.

Continue reading "Analysis: Six months of negotiations may open way to long-term Israeli deal to buy Gaza gas" »

March 12, 2007

HMO data: Lebanon war lead to baby boom

Haaretz

March 7, 2007

Reuters

For some the rocket barrages of last summer's war trapped people inside, for others weekends home were particulary poignant for weary fighters and their partners. The war, in short, triggered a baby boom, according to Channel 10 television yesterday. It quoted health maintenance organization statistics that the number of women now in their fifth, sixth or seventh month of pregnancy was 35 percent higher than the figure a year ago.

Continue reading "HMO data: Lebanon war lead to baby boom" »

March 03, 2007

Chouf Cedars Reserve teams up with goats and their masters to protect greenery

The Daily Star

March 02, 2007

By Maher Zeineddine
Daily Star correspondent

CHOUF: Administrators of the Chouf Cedars Nature Reserve have struck a deal with local goatherds in an effort to protect the area's vegetation. Grazing will now be conducted outside the reserve and according to strict schedules and in specific regions, in an attempt to prevent deforestation and limit notorious and all-too-frequent brush fires.

Continue reading "Chouf Cedars Reserve teams up with goats and their masters to protect greenery" »

February 28, 2007

Quarries do damage you can see - and some you can't

The Daily Star

February 26, 2007

State inaction allows industry to imperil water resources and depress property values
By Hani M. Bathish
Special to The Daily Star

BEIRUT: Some of Lebanon's most picturesque areas bear the unsightly scars of quarrying, a frequent visual reminder of what can happen when the state consistently fails to regulate an industry whose work has so much potential for far-reaching side-effects. But the damage is more than skin-deep: The quarry industry's de facto freedom to act as it sees fit also contributes to a variety of economic, environmental and public-health problems whose impacts are no less damaging for their lower visibility.

Continue reading "Quarries do damage you can see - and some you can't" »

Chouf residents protest waste shipments from Beirut

The Daily Star

February 24, 2007

By Maher Zeineddine
Daily Star correspondent

CHOUF: Chouf residents and officials staged a rally on Friday to protest waste shipments to the region from Beirut, vowing not to accommodate the unwanted garbage and to escalate their campaign until the transfers stop. "We refuse to see our region transformed into a waste dump," said Ktar Matta Mayor Mohammad Najib Hassan at a rally in Sibline, where garbage from the Normandy landfill in Beirut is being dumped.

Continue reading "Chouf residents protest waste shipments from Beirut" »

February 23, 2007

Eco-tourism sector struggles to recover from wounds of war

The Daily Star

February 20, 2007

Conflict wiped out ambitious plans of growing industry
By Assem Abi Ali
Special to The Daily Star

RAMLIEH, Aley: Eco-tourism suffered greatly during the summer 2006 war with Israel, and one of the main victims was the Aley village of Ramlieh, where local investors and other stakeholders had been planning an extensive program before hostilities broke out on July 12.

Continue reading "Eco-tourism sector struggles to recover from wounds of war" »

Eco-tourism sector struggles to recover from wounds of war

The Daily Star

February 20, 2007

Conflict wiped out ambitious plans of growing industry
By Assem Abi Ali
Special to The Daily Star

RAMLIEH, Aley: Eco-tourism suffered greatly during the summer 2006 war with Israel, and one of the main victims was the Aley village of Ramlieh, where local investors and other stakeholders had been planning an extensive program before hostilities broke out on July 12.

Continue reading "Eco-tourism sector struggles to recover from wounds of war" »

February 19, 2007

The threat that unites us all

Haaretz / Jordan Times

February 15, 2007

By Margaret Beckett

[listserve note: published in both Jordan Times and Haaretz, unusual for the region]

All too often the news is dominated by conflict and disagreement. Then a threat of such magnitude comes along that it forcefully reminds us of our common humanity - in other words just how much all of us, whatever our background, creed or colour hold in common. For our generation that threat is climate change.

Continue reading "The threat that unites us all" »

February 15, 2007

Outlaw trash haulers dump loads into sea in Lebanon

Daily Star

By Mohammed Zaatari
Daily Star staff
Monday, February 12, 2007

SIDON: About 50 truckloads of garbage transported in the last three days from
the Normandy landfill in Beirut to the Southern port city of Sidon have been
dumped directly into the sea, according to a source close to the issue.
Speaking to The Daily Star on condition of anonymity, the source said three
contractors from Sidon had deposited the garbage in the sea between the Sidon
dump and the Siniq bridge south of town.

"An agreement was signed between the company charged with treating the Normandy
dump and three contractors from Sidon to transport garbage to Sidon for $140
per truckload," the source said. "Waste was unloaded in five places, with one
truck throwing its load by the coast, near the Siniq bridge."

On Sunday, Sidon's municipality erected sand barriers in the area in a bid to
block passages the trucks had used to entered the town.

Sidon Mayor Abdel-Rahman Bizri issued a statement Sunday calling on security and
military bodies to "monitor Sidon's entrances after strange waste was smuggled
into the town."

"Some parties were transporting garbage from Normandy to the Chouf region of
Sibline, but for some reasons which we do not know yet, garbage was transported
to Sidon instead," Bizri said.

According to Bizri, "Jihad Arab, a contractor charged with the transportation
process from the Normandy dump, agreed to carry waste out of Sidon at his own
expense to various other licensed places situated outside of the area."

"Environmental and health safety are as important as security," Bizri said.

Bizri called for the arrest and prosecution of those responsible for
transporting and dumping the garbage. The perpatrators should also by fined, he
said, "to prevent the reoccurrence of such a problem where environmental
conditions are exploited for financial benefits."
http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=79447

January 30, 2007

UNEP's post conflict assessment of Lebanon's environment

Arab Environment Monitor

UNEP's post conflict assessment of Lebanon's environment Arab Environment
Monitor

Thursday, January 25, 2007

Berlin, 23 January 2007— Serious and in some cases widespread environmental
challenges are confronting the Lebanese authorities as a result of the recent
conflict, a report launched today by the United Nations Environment Programme
(UNEP) says.

Many of the bombed and burnt out factories and industrial complexes including
the Jiyeh power plant south of Beirut are contaminated with a variety of toxic
and health hazardous substances.

Urgent action is needed to remove and safely dispose of such substances, which
include ash and leaked chemicals amid concerns they represent a threat to water
supplies and public health.

Dealing with and disposing of significant quantities of war-related debris,
including health care and hospital waste represents a further and major
environmental challenge.
The sheer scale of the debris is overwhelming existing municipal dump sites and
waste management regimes, the team found.

The report also stresses the importance of rapidly removing unexploded cluster
bombs, especially in the south of the country where large areas of economically
important agricultural land have become” out of bounds” for farmers.

Wide-spread damage to Lebanon’s water supply and sewage networks also occurred
as a result of the recent hostilities. Prior to the 34-day conflict, which took
place between July and August 2006, the networks had been undergoing
comprehensive upgrading and modernisation.

“These networks were extensively damaged in the conflict and hence present a
risk of groundwater contamination and a potential public health hazard. Waste
water management constitutes a major chronic environmental stress factor,”says
the report, prepared by UNEP’s Post Conflict Branch.

On a more positive note, the report indicates that oil pollution to the marine
environment has been largely contained and contamination levels appear to be
generally typical of coastal areas of that part of the Mediterranean. This
should be good news for the country’s economically important tourism and
fisheries sectors.

A further positive finding, particularly in the light of various high profile
media reports, come from studies in Beirut and southern Lebanon of sites struck
by munitions. Detailed field tests and analysis of samples at laboratories in
Europe have found no evidence that the missiles used contained depleted uranium
or another kind of radioactive material.

Achim Steiner, UN Under-Secretary General and UNEP Executive Director, said:
“This post conflict assessment was carried out at the request of the Lebanese
authorities following the cessation of hostilities in mid August last year”.

January 22, 2007

Lack of quarry licensing, regulation 'costs Treasury $500,000 a day'

Environment party says political parties take money to turn a blind eye

By Hani M. Bathish and Maher Zeineddine
Daily Star staff
Friday, January 19, 2007

BEIRUT: The numerous unregulated sand and rock quarries dotting Lebanon's
picturesque landscape make up the single largest local source of income for
many political parties, according to Habib Maalouf, head of the Lebanese
Environmental Party. Many politicians themselves own quarries, he says.

Maalouf told The Daily Star that, aside from the inestimable environmental
damage that results from quarry activity, the Treasury loses around $500,000 of
potential revenue per day due to a lack of licensing and regulation of the
mining sector, with all of the earnings from mining going into private pockets.

Thus, unlicensed and unregulated work continues unabated as politicians turn a
blind eye.

Maalouf said each rock or sand quarry makes an estimated $80,000 per day.

"They continue to make astronomical profits as a result of the lack of
regulation and organization, which has denied the Treasury billions of dollars
of potential revenue," he added.

The party's estimates put the amount of lost revenue over the last 15 years at
$2.5 billion.

A Cabinet decision issued on January 4 extended a six-month grace period to
quarry owners, allowing them to continue mining until June 30.

A statement issued by the Environment Party Thursday called for an investigation
into the quarry file due to the Environment Ministry's failure to regulate the
sector, and in view of the "historic" accusations of complicity leveled against
the [ministry's] administration.

Repeated attempts to contact Environment Ministry officials were unsuccessful.

The Environment Party statement said the Cabinet had once more failed to specify
where quarries were forbidden and where they were permitted, lamenting "another
lost opportunity" to regulate the sector.

Maalouf said successive governments had ducked the licensing issue over the past
15 years, each government extending the previous "administrative" grace period
allowing quarries to continue operating unabated.

"No one knows exactly how many rock and sand quarries there really are in
Lebanon," he said. "Estimates range between 300 and 400, but there are no
accurate statistics."

"Some quarries operate under the guise of a land survey. Others, known as roving
quarries, excavate new roads and conduct quarrying as part of road-excavation
activities," Maalouf added.

The Environment Party accused the Cabinet of ignoring the role of the
Environment Ministry and its guidelines concerning quarries. "The Cabinet's and
the interior minister's decision only serves to prolong this chaotic situation,"
Maalouf said.

Instead of drafting legislation for the sector, in addition to implementing
licensing and operating fees to generate income, the Treasury allows quarries
to operate free of any official regulation or concern for environmental
standards, he added.

Maalouf said the most recent Cabinet decision merely refers the file of each
"investor" to the "concerned section at the Internal Security Forces," which
then must conduct a survey and evaluate each quarry individually.

Such studies must be carried out by qualified technicians and geologists, "which
we doubt are available at the Interior Ministry," the party statement added.

A study conducted in 1996 to organize quarries and establish technical and
environmental standards identified permissible locations for mining and
determined the national demand for stone. Political bickering has prevented the
plan from being implemented.

In 2005, a controversial judicial decision ordered the state to pay $250 million
in compensation to MP Nicholas Fattoush's family for having shut down their
quarries.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=78747

Sidon mayor promises to end dump crisis

By Mohammed Zaatari
Daily Star staff
Wednesday, January 17, 2007

SIDON: The mayor of Sidon, Abdel-Rahman Bizri, has vowed that the Southern port
city's notorious and perennial waste-treatment crisis "will be resolved soon."
Bizri said in a statement issued Monday that efforts to remove the massive dump
were now under way thanks to a donation from Saudi Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal.

The $5 million donation was originally made in 2004 by the Alwaleed bin Talal
Humanitarian Foundation but had been withheld due to disagreements between the
foundation and the municipality of Sidon over conditions to be met by the
municipality before it could receive the promised funds.

The statement from Bizri said the municipality had fulfilled the foundation's
conditions by acquiring necessary licenses and conducting an
environmental-impact assessment on a plan for the dump's removal. "The
municipality worked in cooperation with South for Construction [a major
contracting firm] to set up a mechanism that ensures the partial use of the
dump without hampering its elimination process," Bizri said.

"We ensure our Sidon neighbors that the dump treatment will not have any
environmental repercussions on their regions," Bizri said. "On the contrary, we
will work simultaneously on establishing a modern waste-treatment plant."

However, environmental activists told The Daily Star the announcement was an
"exaggeration" and that efforts being carried out were aimed at repairing
previous damage caused by the municipality's negligence, not treatment or
removal of the waste heap.
http://www.dailystar.com.lb


An environmental activist at the dump said the first phase of the removal
process was to reduce the dump to its original size. "Work is being done to
reduce the trash heap to its initial size, since the dump has grown by more
than 40 percent and now covers land that had originally been set aside for the
waste-treatment plant," the activist told The Daily Star.

"Bulldozers working around the dump are doing nothing but repairing what has
been spoiled by the municipality. Several dumps have resulted from the main
one," said the activist, who spoke on condition of anonymity. "We are
monitoring the treatment process and awaiting the results."

According to the activist, the reclamation of land for a waste-treatment plant
would take at least another month.

The Sidon dump has been an ongoing crisis for more than 35 years. Over the
decades it has repeatedly caught fire, and in 2005 and 2006 it partially
collapsed into the Mediterranean, sending waste as far as Greece.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=78652

Tyre fishermen protest continuing practice of dynamite fishing

Sun, 21 Jan 2007 11:23:32 -0600

Daily Star staff
Thursday, January 18, 2007

SIDON: Fishermen in the Southern coastal city of Tyre held a protest on
Wednesday in objection to other fisherman's use of dynamite to catch fish, an
illegal practice. Speaking at a news conference in Tyre, Khalil Taha, the head
of the local fisherman's syndicate, hailed the behavior of fishermen who refuse
to break the law by fishing with explosives but instead use "more traditional,
albeit time-consuming, methods" that preserve the environment and marine fauna.
http://www.dailystar.com.lb


Taha called on the government and environmental associations to put an end to
dynamite fishing, "which not only harms the fish, but the fishermen too."

Dynamite is frequently used by fishermen at night, when sticks of the explosives
sometimes miss their targets and end up landing in the boats of other fishermen.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=78716

Traditional hima system offers more flexible alternative to Western-style conservation

Indigenous technique has long history of involving communities in protecting
their own environment
By Maria Abi-Habib
Daily Star staff
Wednesday, January 17, 2007


BEIRUT: Nature conservation in Lebanon now has a new face with the revival of
the hima, a 1,000-year-old method of sustainable development. The Society for
the Protection of Nature in Lebanon (SPNL) is building partnerships with
villages to create himas - areas in which wildlife and natural resources are
protected from exploitation and used in a responsible manner.

"The idea behind himas is the hima versus the nature reserve. Himas are
community-based conservation," says SPNL general director Assad Serhal. "Nature
reserves ... in the Middle East are a translation of the Western system to
conserve biodiversity. The hima is from our region and has evolved over time to
include sustainability to allow us to use nature for our survival, whereas in
nature reserves you can't even step into the area."

Himas give back to the community by generating income with ecotourism activities
such as hiking. Traditional businesses will also be revived, including basket
weaving and bed and breakfasts.

"The human angle here is very important," says Serhal. "We can't only be
romantic about nature, [we also need to be] practical. For the local people
conservation is not enough; they want to see the profits and benefits. You have
to be realistic."

Himas were in use over 1,000 years ago in the Middle East, serving as communal
plots of land for sustainable use of wildlife and vegetation. The first modern
hima in Lebanon was created from a bird sanctuary in 2004, on land considered
an important bird area by Bird Life International (BLI).

Initially attempting to figure out how best to preserve the bird sanctuary, SPNL
decided himas were preferable to nature reserves across the country.

"We work for the birds and also for the people through the himas at the same
time," says Ibrahim al-Khader, head of BLI's Middle East division. "People may
be the problem, but they are also the solution."

Two land himas have already been created in Lebanon, the first in Ibl as-Saqi in
Marjayoun and the other in Kfar Zabad, in the Bekaa. A marine hima is also under
construction off the coast of Qleileh, outside Tyre.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb


In an attempt to raise awareness of the himas' benefits, the SPNL announced
Tuesday that it has published the first Arabic translation of Richard Porter's
"Field Guide to the Birds of the Middle East."

Porter is a UK-based ornithologist and conservation expert. The book was first
published in English in 1996 and is the only field guide to the region's birds.

"Water conservation and the threat to wetlands from draining marshes are very
dangerous for Middle Eastern birds, but so are hunting and cutting down trees,"
Porter says. "The solution to this is to make people understand their
environment and then they'll see the threats it faces and want to help.
Hopefully this book will help their understanding."

"We train the villagers and provide them with capacity building and teach them
how to manage the hima in a sustainable way," says Khader. "You offer them
alternatives for income like ecotourism, a bed and breakfast and selling local
goods. At the same time you're teaching them about the benefits their land
offers - and we're not taking their land away from them" as opposed to
government-controlled nature reserves.

Serhal believes that people will continue to exploit natural resources as long
as they are marginalized from the process of conservation.

"If you don't involve the community, in times of hardship they'll scale the
fences of a ... reserve and exploit its resources," he says. "In a hima the
community owns everything - the medicinal and edible plants, water, birds or
fish - which we teach them to manage."

Lebanon will host a regional hima workshop in March.

"There used to be a hima in every village," says Serhal. "We only destroyed this
in the last 30-40 years, [isolating] from nature, and we've lost touch with
reality."

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=78650

January 14, 2007

Increased use of generators during war highlights concerns about pollution

Daily Star

Thursday, January 11, 2007

BEIRUT: Israel's assault on the Jiyyeh power plant during the war last summer
led to a strict power-rationing schedule, raising concerns about the damage
that private generators may have done to the environment. Many Lebanese chose
to use generators to compensate for electricity shortages, and this decision
could have negative repercussions on their health.

In an article published in the Environment and Development magazine, Environment
Hotline investigated the metal army of generators that has been deployed
throughout the capital in recent months.

Environment Hotline said that a large percentage of these generators were being
operated illegally, with many placed on building rooftops and in lobbies, in
clear violation of a law requiring all generators to be housed away from other
machinery and people.

In addition, high levels of noise and toxic smoke have resulted from generators
being used around the clock.

But the pressing threat that results from the misuse of such machinery is that
of massive noise pollution.

Environment Hotline measured the level of noise produced by one typical
generator, which it found to be operating at 92 decibels. The maximum legal
noise level during daylight hours is 65 decibels.

The Environment Ministry has established strict guidelines concerning the use of
generators, including a regulation requiring all generators to be outfitted with
specific filters to screen toxic fumes. - Environment Hotline
http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=78426

October 07, 2006

Donors may contribute solar-power apparatus for new homes

(From: Stuart Schoenfeld)
Subject: - UN: Daily Star

Donors may contribute solar-power apparatus for new homes - UN

By Lysandra Ohrstrom
Daily Star staff
Friday, October 06, 2006


BEIRUT: At least three international donors are considering using a portion of
reconstruction aid to finance the installation of renewable energy units in
newly built residences in Southern Lebanon. A project manager from the United
Nations Development Program's (UNDP) energy efficiency branch - which works in
coordination with the Ministry of Energy and Water (MoEW) - declined to name
the countries or organizations currently reviewing proposals, but said two
embassies and one global NGO have shown interest in funding the $12 million
project.

"What we are doing now is trying to secure at least partial donations to install
12,000 solar thermal water-heating units, rather than electric heaters, in homes
that have been destroyed in Southern villages," Anwar Nour Ali told The Daily
Star in a phone interview.

"We also want all reconstructed houses in the South and buildings in the Dahiyeh
to use energy-efficient lamps which are affordable and not a big investment, but
contractors want to save money so they use the cheapest ones possible," Ali
said, adding that the LL4,000-LL5,000 lamps will result in an 80 percent saving
for consumers. The MoEW estimates that solar water-heating systems would reduce
each homeowner's electricity bill by 25-30 percent.

Earlier this year the Order of Engineers and Architects began requiring that all
newly designed houses be equipped for solar water heaters in order to obtain
construction permits. Building schematics must include provisions for where and
how a solar water heater can be installed and connected to the plumbing system.

Similar regulations were not extended to apartment complexes, since the
installation of solar panels on the roofs of multi-owner buildings is
problematic in the absence of government legislation, but new standards do
require contractors to install plumbing large enough to allow for the future
installation of solar heating units.

The UNDP is also promoting a third proposal for the windows, walls and roofs of
new apartment buildings in the southern suburbs to be constructed on an
energy-efficient basis, though Ali said they are not focusing on the project.

The Energy Research Group (ERG) at AUB is in the progress of completing a report
on using solar water heaters in reconstructed residences. They estimate that the
residential sector accounts for 38 percent of Lebanon's annual energy
consumption - with electric water heaters using the most power per household
after air conditioners and space heaters - but the absence of a comprehensive
energy efficiency strategy has hindered the adoption of such technology in the
past.

If obstacles like high initial procurement costs and lack of trained installers
and import legislation are overcome, ERG concludes in its draft report that
installing domestic solar water heating units might reduce the need to build
new power plants.

Zakaria Rammel, a representative from the MoEW, confirmed that the ministry is
coordinating with the UNDP on securing donors for a domestic renewable energy
program in Southern villages, but he was not able to verify the details of the
proposals before The Daily Star went to press.

"We are working with the UNDP on this, but it shouldn't be seen as a
reconstruction donation because the Chinese had already donated solar panels
last year, but unfortunately during the war at least half of these were
destroyed," Rammel said. "We are asking them to replace these and possibly
install more," he said.

Ali gave no time frame for the project, but said it will not be feasible for at
least 18 months since units cannot be installed until houses are built.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=3&article_id=75959

Lebanese beach resorts mourn promising summer ruined by conflict

By Agence France Presse (AFP)

Wednesday, October 04, 2006


Pierre Sawaya

Agence France Press

BEIRUT: Lebanese beach resorts that had invested huge sums for a promising
summer season are now counting their losses with millions of dollars in damage
inflicted by Israeli strikes and ensuing oil slicks. "Our direct losses and the
loss of earnings amount to $10 million," said Roger Edde, owner of the Edde
Sands resort north of Beirut.

Israel launched a 34-day offensive against Lebanon on July 12 after the
Hizbullah captured two Israeli soldiers. The hostilities forced tourists to
flee Lebanon, which had been preparing for a record summer season.

The Israeli strikes also caused an environmental catastrophe on Lebanon's coast
by destroying fuel tanks at the Jiyyeh power station south of Beirut,
unleashing an estimated 15,000 tons of fuel oil into the Mediterranean Sea.

"We closed for three weeks to clean the beach from the oil slicks which also
evaporate, causing breathing problems, and activities have been slow since the
September 2 reopening," Edde said. "From 3,000 lunches and dinners a day before
the war, we are now serving an average of 30 meals a day."

Hussein Sharafeddin, owner of the Pangea beach resort south of Beirut, expressed
the same grievances and has been forced to carry out massive lay-offs.

"Our losses amount to $2 million. We had invested a lot in order to offer
Lebanese and tourists one of the world's most beautiful resorts," he said.

"We keep cleaning the sand and the sea, but the oil slicks keep coming back," he
added.

But Sharafeddin refuses to give up: "We intend to continue to invest and we are
considering building a hotel despite the [Israeli] threats."

Edde is also optimistic. He decided to reopen after the end of the war in order
to "keep the morale high" and to continue work on a new 2,500-seat conference
center. But he has decided to freeze future investments until the situation is
more stable.

"We want to see where the country is heading," he said.

Millions of dollars have been invested at dozens of beach resorts which have
mushroomed along Lebanon's 220-kilometer coastline in recent years.

The Bamboo Bay resort south of Beirut has reported direct losses of $560,000 and
loss of earnings of $350,000.

It opened for 10 days last month but was forced to close for lack of clients.

"We need at least two or three years to regain the tourism boom of the past few
years," said Sharafeddin.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=3&article_id=75895

Lebanese Oil Spill updates

(From: Stuart Schoenfeld)

French environmentalists arrive to assist in oil-spill damage control, clean-up

By Nour Samaha
Daily Star staff
Thursday, October 05, 2006


BEIRUT: French environmental experts arrived in Lebanon on Wednesday to assist
in efforts to clean up the country's largest oil spill in history and monitor
the disaster's repercussions.

The spill, caused by Israeli air strikes on the Jiyyeh power plant's fuel tanks
in July, now plagues two-thirds of Leb-anon's coastline.

"We are introducing a new technique that will deal specifically with the
clearing of oil from pebbled beaches and rock pools," said Bernard Fichaut, a
geography professor at Britannia-Breste University in France.

"This technique, otherwise known as 'surf-washing,' has been around for 30 years
and has proven to be the best method available to clear the oil quickly, cleanly
and at a low cost," he said.

The technique consists of collecting all the oil-covered rocks and stones from
the coastline and blasting them with hot water in order to remove the oil. The
process is repeated all along the beach until all the oil is caught in nets and
can be cleared.

Denis La Croix, from the French National Institute of the Sea, arrived with
Fichaut on Wednesday and will also analyze and monitor the effects of the oil
spill on local marine life.

"While at the moment we have focused on a short-term program to monitor the
effects of the oil spill on sea life, the long-term consequences are just as
important," La Croix said.

"Creatures such as plankton, mollusks and going all the way up the food chain to
fish and even birds are being directly affected; obviously this has the
potential to create an ecological disaster," he said.

La Croix said there would be additional French missions to Lebanon in the near
future to address various concerns resulting from the spill.

La Croix and Fichaut are both working in Lebanon in collaboration with Bahr
Loubnan, a local environmental organization that has already cleared 24,000
liters of oil from the Bondi-Bellevue beach and another 2,000 liters from Sands
Rock beach, both in Jiyyeh.

Mohammad Sarji, a member of Bahr Loubnan, said the organization was focusing on
removing oil from the surface of the sea.

However, while clean-up efforts have been relatively successful on the beaches
of Jiyyeh and Jbeil, an oil leak at Ramlet-el-Baida has forced work there to be
suspended since mid-September, leaving many asking how long the oil can remain
on the beach before causing irreparable damage.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=75929

October 06, 2006

Rainbow Warrior returns to track environmental damage

Storied Greenpeace vessel brings 21 crew members back to Lebanon to survey oil
spill, collect oyster samples and knit during their downtime

By Iman Azzi
Special to The Daily Star
Saturday, September 30, 2006


TABARJA: Most of the rainbows glimmering on the surface of the Mediterranean Sea
off the coast of Lebanon are the unfortunate results of the attack by Israeli
warplanes on the Jiyyeh power plant on July 12 and again three days later.
However, a larger, bolder and more ecologically correct rainbow has now entered
Lebanon's harbor, hoping to lend a hand, or a fin, to the clean-up efforts - the
Rainbow Warrior, pride of the Greenpeace fleet.

The Rainbow Warrior is a Greenpeace boat licensed in the Netherlands but
designed to serve the world. It just returned to Lebanon for the second time in
as many months. The Warrior's crew is neither trained nor equipped for oil-spill
clean-up, but Greenpeace has partnered up with Italian scientists and academic
researchers at the American University of Beirut to help track the movements of
the oil slick and collect oyster samples for study.

"This trip is quite different than other Greenpeace missions. It came up
suddenly and we had to react. We usually work with more advanced planning,"
says Captain Mike Finkin of the operation, the first Greenpeace mission he has
led. A member of Greenpeace for 10 years, he previously campaigned for the
salvation of blue-fin tuna off the coast of Marseille. He has been sailing for
20 years.

Jim Footner, a British member of Greenpeace's land-locked team, agrees with
Finkin's assessment: "An oil spill is an extra-curricular activity. The
regional team is not prepared to deal with such an event on top of their normal
duties, so we send in help."

Greenpeace deployed the Rainbow Warrior "to assess how oil has contaminated the
water," Footner explains. "The damage here has been fairly prolific and oil
spills are region-wide problems. You can't just put a box around the oil."

The Warrior is one of three in a Greenpeace fleet that includes the Esperanza
and the Arctic Sunrise. When it first came to Lebanon last month, the Warrior
helped transport over 75 tons of essential medical supplies, including dialysis
equipment, drugs and fuel, part of a collaboration between Greenpeace and
Medecins Sans Frontieres, from August 2-10. At the time, the Warrior dared to
sail during the Israeli-imposed sea blockade while larger ships remained docked
far off shore in safer waters. A white-and-red Medecins Sans Frontieres banner
still hangs over the cargo hold of the Warrior.

Everything else about the boat, including the color, is green. The Warrior does
not use a motor but sails to move among the waves. The ration for necessary
electricity on board is 0.3 cubic meters of fuel a day. Running a motor would
increase fuel usage by 1.7 cubic meters. Plus, smiles Finkin, "she moves faster
anyways with the sails in the right wind."

All metal components of the Warrior's exterior are painted green, with a bold
rainbow displayed on either side (one side has been repainted more recently but
the difference is minimal). The Warrior is currently flying the Dutch, Lebanese
and Greenpeace flags. There is a red hammock swinging on deck for crew members
who desire even more rocking motion.

For Finkin, originally from South Africa, the oil has become an additional yet
unwanted guest on a ship that already has a crew of 21, representing 15
nationalities.

"It's dirty. Really, it gets everywhere. Our divers come back and it's on their
gear, on their skin. I was looking at footage of the operation off the coast of
the power station. It's horrific. The tar is a foot thick," Finkin says.

When the crew is not sailing or diving, most prefer quiet time or individual
relaxation during their downtime, of which their isn't much.

"I write stories," Finkin admits. "Some knit. Others play cards or read. The
electrician is learning to play the fiddle. He can do the wedding march."

Below deck and away from the oil sludge are double-occupancy sleeping cabins, an
information-technology room filled with countless dials and switches, a library
with dozens of Lonely Planet guidebooks and photos of past Greenpeace aquatic
endeavors. There is a sewing machine with colorful spools of thread in the
cargo hold as well - ready to be used by the more domestically minded members
of the crew for making promotional material for their activism campaigns.

This is the second Greenpeace ship to take the name Rainbow Warrior. The first
Warrior, built in 1957, was bombed on July 10, 1985, by French secret service
agents in Auckland harbor. The first ship was thus a casualty in the campaign
against nuclear testing. One crew member was killed in the explosion.

Although this current mission is being carried out in coordination with the
Lebanese Navy and the ship appears to be out of harm's way, the crew cannot
ignore the tragedy that occurred in Lebanon during the summer's war.

Finkin's only visit to the dry land of Lebanon nearly brought him to tears. He
and his crew took a half-hour look at Beirut's southern suburbs, an area that
the Israelis bombed on a daily basis during the war.

"I saw huge lorries going past with rubble and I stood watching people and my
heart grew heavier. If I had stayed any longer I would have started to cry,"
the captain says.

Meanwhile, underwater, Greenpeace diver Regina Srerichs explores the damage
Israel has wrought on Lebanon's seas.

"The first dive at the power plant there was a lot of oil on the seabed,
everything was covered in oil, it was between the stones and a viscous layer on
the water's surface," she says. "This dive was cleaner."

Srerichs, a diver since 1986, has witnessed such an oil spill before - after the
collision of two oil tankers in the Baltic Sea. "This is worse," she declares.

For oil to settle into the seabed it is necessary that it finds something to
grab onto or it will it keep moving with the current. The Greenpeace diving
team started at Jiyyeh and worked its way north up the coastline, helping to
map where the oil has, or has not, settled.

"There is not much left above the water. It's all sunken below," says Footner,
noting the importance these maps will be for the oil clean-up crews.

"Most of the poison you can't see," adds Srerichs, who has been diving since
1986. "I won't touch the fish, not north of Jiyyeh until I hear the results
from the scientists. It all depends on their results. Maybe the sample will
bring good news."

As samples, the team collects 60 oysters from each dive spot and averages three
dives a day. As the Rainbow Warrior sails her way from Beirut to the Palm
Islands off the coast of Tripoli, with a possible stopover in Byblos, and then
eventually away from Lebanon altogether, her crew will continue to test the
seas, anxious about what will be found next, along with the rest of the world.

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=1&article_id=75802

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=1&categ_id=2&article_id=75869

International experts to assess environmental damage from war

Daily Star staff
Tuesday, October 03, 2006


BEIRUT/NAIROBI: An international team of experts will begin an assessment
Tuesday of the environmental damage in Lebanon caused by the recent conflict. A
press released issued by the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) said
Monday the team, led by and working in close cooperation with the Lebanese
authorities, will be visiting and sampling sites thought to present potential
risks to human health, wildlife and the wider environment.

These include the Jiyyeh power plant 28 kilometers south of Beirut which
discharged an estimated 10,000 to 30,000 tons of fuel oil into the
Mediterranean after being hit in mid-July; Rafik Hariri International Airport,
where fuel tanks were set alight as a result of repeated bombing; and the
Maliban glass factory in the Bekaa Valley, destroyed by an air raid on July 19.

The team also plans to assess pollution risks at many damaged drinking-water,
sewage-treatment and hospital-facility sites.

Achim Steiner, UN undersecretary general and UNEP executive director, said:
"There is an urgent need to assess the environmental legacy of the recent
conflict and put in place a comprehensive clean-up of polluted and
health-hazardous sites."

The decision to undertake a post-conflict assessment follows a request in early
August from the Environment Ministry.

Steiner said that the UNEP "expects to have a comprehensive report on sites and
locations in need of decontamination and clean up before the end of the year. -
The Daily Star
http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.aspedition_id=1&categ_id=2&article_id=75869